Italy as a facilitator in Tunisia? The question that opens this thesis encompasses a universe of complexity and ambiguity. Can Italy effectively position itself between Tunisia's internal dynamics and international pressures? Or, behind its apparent neutrality, do Italy’s national interests and strategic considerations blur the line between genuine diplomatic assistance and the protection of its own interests? This thesis intents to explore Italy's role in a context that represents both a challenge and a diplomatic opportunity. The aim is to examine the complexity of the relationships between Italy and Tunisia, influenced by historical factors, contemporary political pressures, and an increasingly unstable Mediterranean. The region, in fact, is not just a physical space, but an area of extraordinary complexity and richness, a crossroads of civilizations, cultures, and political power that has always exerted a strong influence on the nations that border it. Today, this sea represents a geopolitical paradox: it is simultaneously an area of deep crises and a zone of essential connectivity. Climate change, migration crises, energy dynamics, and geopolitical realignments are just some of the challenges that define the present and future of the region. In this complex geopolitical landscape, Italy stands out for its strategic position and its historical role as a bridge between Europe, Africa, and the Middle East. Its geographical location in the heart of the Mediterranean has constantly influenced the power dynamics in the region, giving Italy a unique and complex responsibility in contributing to stability and cooperation among the nations that border this sea. From the Roman era of "Mare Nostrum" to the imperial ambitions of fascism, and through the post-war policies and the Cold War, Italy has sought to assert its influence in the Mediterranean, evolving from passive diplomacy to a more active engagement, especially in the 21st century. Today, Italy must balance its multilateral commitments within the European Union (EU) and the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) with intra-regional relations in the Mediterranean, particularly with Tunisia, as its foreign policy is characterised by the need to address security concerns while simultaneously promoting economic development and regional stability. The recent recalibration of Italy's foreign policy strategy, through initiatives such as the Mattei Plan and the Rome Process, reflects this kind of comprehensive approach to Mediterranean diplomacy, because it integrates security, economic cooperation, and social development.